Clifford’s Tower

Clifford’s Tower is one of York’s most iconic landmarks, and is largely all that remains of the eminent York Castle. Over its thousand year history, Clifford’s Tower has operated in a number of different functions, housing everything from kings to criminals, cannons to cows.

Clifford’s Tower history

Constructed by William the Conqueror in 1086, the first Clifford’s Tower was a wooden structure placed high on the motte that still stands today. It was destroyed early in its life by rebellion, and subsequently rebuilt.

In 1190 however, the castle would again be destroyed when to escape an angry mob, the Jews of York took refuge in Clifford’s Tower. Rather than renounce their faith as the mob demanded, most committed suicide, burning down the structure down with them inside. This incident is commemorated by a plaque at the foot of Clifford’s Tower.

The tower that stands today was rebuilt from limestone in the 13th century as part of the defences of York, and in 1334 began serving as a Royal Mint under Edward III. It was later installed as a prison, and by the 16th century executions would commonly be carried out by hanging the condemned over the side of the walls.

During the English Civil War, Royalist troops garrisoned the Tower yet were eventually forced to surrender to Parliamentary forces. Following the Restoration, the interior of Clifford’s Tower was destroyed by an explosion in 1687, leaving its walls burnt pink and its structure a shell.

Left in disrepair, the 18th and 19th centuries saw the Tower become a vastly overgrown ruin, even perhaps being used as a cattle shed, before being placed under state guardianship in the 20th century.

Clifford’s Tower today

Managed by English Heritage, visitors to Clifford’s Tower can climb up its steep and winding steps for beautiful views of York. When atop its battlements, one can see York Minster in all its grandeur, as well as Terry’s chocolate factory and even all the way to the North York Moors. The inside courtyard details the Tower’s history with a model of the original York Castle, and a gift shop hosts a range of souvenirs, including a variety of replica medieval and Viking swords – should you desire one!

Getting to Clifford’s Tower

Clifford’s Tower is situated in the centre of York near the Coppergate Shopping Centre and York Castle Museum. It is approximately a 20-25 walk from the train station, and the 3 bus service has a stop directly beside it. There is a large carpark beside the Tower, and York also operates a number of Park and Ride services.